Iranian Journal of Health Sciences
Volume:6 Issue: 3, Summer 2018

Background and The root extracts of Dennettia tripetala G. Baker and Milicia excelsa (Welw.) C. Berg was investigated for their in-vitro antioxidant activities. The pulverized roots of Dennettia tripetala and Milicia excelsa were extracted separately by cold maceration using ethyl acetate, methanol, n-butanol and water respectively as the extracting solvents. In-vitro antioxidant, the activity of root extracts was then investigated using DPPH model. The results obtained was analyzed using One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) involving GraphPad Prism 5 Software. The antioxidant assay of various extracts, using 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging model, revealed that the ethanol and n-butanol extracts of D. tripetala had better radical scavenging activity with IC50 values of 2.02 and 0.631 µg/mL for ethanol and n-butanol extracts, respectively. The methanol and ethanol extracts of M. excelsa showed higher radical scavenging capacity with IC50 of 0.194 and 8.84 µg/mL compared to that of the ascorbic acid which had IC50 value of 4.60 µg/mL. The radical scavenging ability of the extracts could be attributed to the presence of flavonoids and phenolics.

Background and Reactive Blue 19(RB19) dye is one of the major dangers to human health and environment. Hence, the removal of these compounds from polluted water has been considered. This study was an attempt to investigate the removal of RB19 dye from aqueous solution in the presence of modified pistachio shell. In this experimental study, the treatability of water polluted with RB19dye was investigated by using sonochemical oxidation in a reactor. The sample with the desired concentrations of dye (10-80 mg/L) at pH 2-11 was prepared, then the required concentrations of MPS (0.1– 1.2 g/L) was flowed into the reactor intermittently. The results of the current study showed that 40.26% of the dye was removed in the presence of MPS after 20 min at pH 2, MPS dose 0.7 g/L, and concentration of 20 mg/L. The findings showed that the combined process of ultrasonic and adsorption in the presence of MPS at optimal conditions of operation can be used as an acceptable option in the removal of dye from waters

Background and Female sexual dysfunction (FSD) is a high-frequent multifactorial problem and may have a major effect on the quality of life. This study was conducted to investigate frequency of female sexual dysfunction and its correlated factors in women attending outpatient gynecological clinics. A total of 300 married women attending four gynecological outpatient clinics in Rasht, Iran were assessed. Sexual function was evaluated through Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) questionnaire. Demographic characteristics, obstetric and surgical history, some medical conditions and body mass index (BMI), life style variants, knowledge about sexuality, and help-seeking behavior were assessed by a self-created questionnaire. Statistical analysis included Fisher exact test Chi-square and Spearman’s correlation coefficients. 76.67% of all women in this study reported sexual dysfunction in at least one domain. The total frequency of FSD according to the low total FSFI score was 18.3%. The most frequent dysfunction was desire disorders (63.7%). The frequencies of other sexual disorders were as follows: pain disorders (35.7%), arousal disorders (34.7%), orgasmic disorders (16%), lubrication disorders (10.7%), and satisfaction disorders (10.7%). Age, number of deliveries, number of children, number of abortions, menopause, mode of delivery, episiotomy, anemia, psychiatric disease, psychotropic medication use, poor sexual knowledge, and husband’s age showed a significant statistical correlation with low total FSFI score. Women who thought they had a sexual problem involved 15.3% of all subjects, of which 67.4% have had no professional consultation about it. FSD is highly frequent in women referred to gynecological clinics. Thus, more attention to the state of women’s sexual health is recommended

Background and In the area of water quality issues, much attention has been paid to water corrosivity and scaling potential since the water tendency to each of them can impose huge financial losses and many health problems. In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 38 water samples were collected from 19 sampling sites including wells and aqueducts of Sarayan, Iran, in spring and autumn seasons of 2015, and analyzed for total dissolved solids, calcium hardness, total alkalinity, water temperature, pH, Langelier Saturation Index, Ryznar Stability Index, Aggressive Index, and Puckorius Index. The results were analyzed by Excel and water stability analyzer Software and were compared with standard limits. It was found that TDS, temperature, pH, alkalinity, and hardness of water were lower than the maximum allowed limits, but calcium hardness was also lower than the optimum value for drinking water. The average value of LSI, RSI, AI, and PI in spring was 0.437±0.264, 7.25±0.368, 12.33±0.273, and 7.37±0.432, while the average values of these indices in autumn were 0.501±0.229, 7.231±0.359, 12.55±0.225, and 7.33±0.503, respectively. According to corrosion indices, drinking water of Sarayan County was relative scaling. Considering the negative effects of scale-forming water on pipe diameter, and flow rate and probable economic damages, control measures must be taken to prevent scaling in water resources

Background and purpose: The patient-physician relationship is a cornerstone of a good primary healthcare. This study was aimed to study the factors affecting the relationship between physician and patient in Ahvaz community health centers. In this cross-sectional study, two-hundred participants were randomly selected from 14 community health centers in Ahwaz, 2016. Data were collected using a valid Patient-Doctor relationship questionnaire (PDRQ-9). A total score of 9-45 was considered to assess communication skill of doctors. Data were analyzed using SPSS.20 Software. The results showed that the total mean and median score of physician-patient relationship was slightly higher than moderate (mean=28.58 and median=26 out of 45). The highest score (3.36 out of 5) was related to the item "I can talk to my doctor". The lowest score (2.95 out of 5) was related to the item "My doctor is dedicated to help me." Linear regression analysis shows that the waiting time for receiving services had a negative impact on the patient-doctor relationship. By increasing the waiting time for receiving services, patients' satisfaction from communication with their physicians is decreased (B = -0.112; P = 0.041). The researchers concluded that the relationship between physician and patient in the studied health centers was moderate. It is necessary to develop managerial techniques to reduce waiting time of patients in order to improve the relationship between physicians and patients

Background and Few studies have been carried out on paternal adaptation and there is no comprehensive definition and theory about paternal adaptation in men. This study aimed to extract the concept of paternal adaptation in men and factors affecting it based on qualitative research conducted on paternal experiences. This research was a systematic review and meta-synthesis, including 10 articles, that combined the findings of qualitative research related to men`s experiences of transition to fatherhood, using meta-ethnographic method. Findings of this study were categorized into three themes including representations and signs of paternal adaptation, paternal adaptation facilitators and paternal adaptation obstacles. Based on the study findings, parental satisfaction, understanding paternal transition and development, being capable of fulfilling paternal responsibilities, and being capable of handling the current situation were found to be the representations and signs of paternal adaptation. Adaptation facilitators included attempt to manage present situation, cooperation in the child rearing, time lapse, use of educational resources, readiness to become a parent, utilization of support resources, and parental leave. On the other hand, adaptation obstacles were found to be as follows: damaged parental relationship, paternal role ambiguity, expectations above the father's abilities, lack of time for oneself, damaged marital relationship, occupational concerns, insufficient social support, false myths and misbeliefs, and financial problems. Based on the findings of the current study, enhancing fathers' parenting knowledge and skills, creating educational opportunities, supplying support resources, preparing the setting for father`s continued presence and participation in the family, and offering paternal models to the society may facilitate fathers' paternal adaptation